but I dont know quite how to apply that knowledge to specific effects, other then the ones they gave me.
Ahh ok thats is a major problem. Im not sure you can be actually tought this out. It sthe sort of holy grail of education, but unfrtunataly we are no colser to this than the greek were. See the prblem is as follows:
They can tell you how it works, they can show you demonstrations. But the real thing thet really matters is you being able to adapt the information to something else entirely. You cant be taught out what that is because nobody can know what that is going to be. Essentially it comes down to your problem solving skills. All this may be a innate ability to parson, tough im not buying into this line of thinking.
So start simple, with something you know plus something extra. Try to solve it yourself, dont cheat only you can do this job. then do something harder. Then suddenly you realize you can do this.
Alternative method is to talk to lot of people how they solve the problem. in person. let them blabber their toughts out. Ask questions liek why did you do that. Its stupprising how humans learn jsut by watching others.