I don't think so.... once you define a variable, it sits in memorty until you quit and restart. Going forward however, if you're working from say, the Script editor, embed all your commands in curly braces, that way Maya will forget about them after the execution. Like:
{
float $asdf = 1.0;
do something;
}
After execution, Maya won't know what $asdf is... That's your best bet I believe. I'd love to hear otherwise 