Well, technically it is possible (with caveats), it's just easier to do it the way Joojaa suggests. If you're object is polys, you can export your UV map to an image file and then use that image file as the texture map (suitably modified) and also apply that image map as the glow intensity for your shader. This technique is really a cheat as you're not getting "real" wireframes, you're getting basically a screenshot of wireframes that are resolution dependent.
Can't think of how to do this with a NURBS object though. Interesting problem. The two pass setup wouldn't have any problems with NURBS.
I've had to do this for a makeup commercial where the woman's face starts out as a wireframe and then disolves into a real model's face. Really nice effect with an animated glow map so it looks like the lines are drawing themselves on or off. Very Tron-like. I did it in one pass because clients and directors like to see things instantly and don't want to wait for compositing.
Hope this helps.
-James